Papillomavirus infection is one of the most common viral diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Almost everyone at least once in his life faced one or another of its manifestations. More than 100 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are known, each of which causes neoplasms of a certain type and localization: papillomas on the body, mucous membranes, convex and flat warts on the arms and legs, genital warts and other growths. Papillomas can be single or multiple. Choosing an effective cure for papilloma is not an easy task, so it is better to entrust it to a dermatovenereologist.
Types of HPV drugs
Drugs used in the treatment of HPV are divided into the following groups:
- Antivirus.
- Immunostimulant.
- Means for the destruction of neoplasms.
First you need to determine the nature of the neoplasm: sometimes it is difficult to distinguish a papilloma from a mole or condyloma. Then, using PCR analysis, determine the type of virus, because some of them contribute to the development of malignant neoplasms. Medicines against papilloma can be used in combination or separately.
Antivirus
Drug treatment of skin neoplasms caused by HPV is rarely complete without drugs from this group. They have an adverse effect on viruses, inhibit their reproduction, and have an immunomodulatory effect.
Pharmaceutical preparations are very popular, which are produced in several dosage forms: injections, tablets, suppositories, ointments and gels. Usually, with a single formation, local application may be sufficient.
Antiviral ointments and gels are prescribed before and after laser therapy procedures, electrocoagulation, and afterwards, they provide high efficiency of treatment and prevention of relapse.
What are the indications for the appointment of systemic drugs against viruses:
- High-risk HPV infection with high oncological potential, confirmed by PCR;
- multiple papillomas on the body (this indicates high HPV activity);
- primary and secondary immunodeficiency conditions (when the body cannot cope with the viral load on its own).
Antiviral drugs (injections and tablets) are contraindicated:
- during pregnancy;
- during breastfeeding;
- with individual intolerance.
Most medications are available with a prescription.
What antiviral drugs are considered the most effective, and are able to eliminate papillomas?
Inosine tablets
This medicine is available in tablet form. This is one of the most popular cures for papillomas today. The active ingredient is inosine (a purine derivative). Has a complex effect:
- blocking viral enzymes, causing its death;
- activates interferon production;
- activate lymphocytes;
- inhibit the formation of inflammatory mediators.
It is prescribed 2 tablets a day for 2 weeks, if necessary, it is possible to extend the course of treatment up to a month. Can be used in children over 3 years old.
During reception, nausea, headache, exacerbation of gout may occur.
Medicines based on meglumine acridone acetate
This medicine is available in two forms: injection and tablet. The active ingredient is meglumine acridone acetate. The mechanism of action is interferon induction.
Effect:
- antivirus;
- immunomodulators;
- anti-inflammatory.
Intramuscular injections of the drug are given daily, up to 10 injections per course.
Means based on glycosides isolated from nightshade stalks
Release form: solution for intravenous injection, ointment, gel spray inlay for the treatment of the oral cavity, intimate gel spray for the treatment of genital papillomas. The active ingredient is a glycoside isolated from nightshade stems.
This is a modern drug against viruses with a wide spectrum of action:
- anti-inflammatory,
- immunomodulators,
- promote tissue regeneration.
Intravenous injections are prescribed according to the scheme: the first 3 times in 2 days, the next 5 times in 3 days. Topical and injectable formulations are generally well tolerated. Ointments and gels are allowed to be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Immunostimulant
Multiple papillomas often indicate damage in the body. Medicines in this group have a stimulating effect on the immune system. Before use, consultation with an immunologist and additional examination (immunogram) is necessary.
By itself, immunostimulants cannot get rid of external manifestations of human papillomavirus. But with a confirmed immune deficiency, they must be included in the HPV treatment complex. They are compatible with antiviral drugs, antibiotics, antifungal agents.
Immunostimulants are prohibited for use:
- during pregnancy;
- lactation;
- individual intolerance.
They are sold in pharmacies with a prescription. Which of the drugs in this group is the most effective?
Composition for the destruction of papillomas
Medicines of this group have a direct medical effect on papillomas. They contain aggressive components that destroy epithelial cells. Which of them is the most popular among doctors and patients and is able to get rid of skin neoplasms associated with HPV?
Frozen drug
Papilloma is affected by a temperature of -57 ° C, which leads to a violation of its blood supply and necrosis. This medicine is sold in pharmacies without a prescription.
The product should not be used on areas with delicate skin (face, axillary area, intimate area) and on mucous membranes.
The kit includes a bottle with a mixture of propane and dimethyl ether, a plastic holder and a foam rubber applicator. In one session, several formations can be processed. Exposure time depends on the size of the papilloma, but should not exceed 40 seconds. Falling off papilloma occurs in 10-14 days. To remove the formation, 1 to 4 procedures are required.
Drops based on methacrysol
Drops for external use with applicator included. This is a relatively new effective drug for papillomas. The main component is metacresol. It has a cauterizing effect, leading to the death of viruses and the destruction of neoplasms.
The drug is used on the elements very carefully, according to the direction. If a drop of the solution gets on the surrounding healthy tissue, it must be immediately removed with dry cotton. Small papillomas on the body are treated once, larger ones 3-4 times, with an interval of a few minutes, after the previous layer has dried.
It is impossible to treat papillomas located in skin folds, interdigital spaces with drugs.
It is better to entrust the removal of neoplasms in the anogenital zone to a medical professional.
Preparation based on acid mixture
Release forms are bottles with solutions, plastic applicators for local application and glass capillaries for treating large surfaces.
This medicine contains a mixture of acids: trichloroacetic, oxalic, nitric and lactic. Drops of the solution cause a chemical burn on the tissue, which leads to papilloma mummy.
The agent is applied slowly to the affected area until the color changes. After the effect of this drug on the papilloma, a crust forms on its surface, which disappears by itself after 10-12 days. If the effect is insufficient, the procedure must be repeated.
Treatment results
After drug use, viral DNA remains in the human body. The purpose of using drugs for papilloma is to eliminate external manifestations, strengthen immunity, and achieve the transition of HPV infection to a latent form. Only a local effect is possible with a single formation on the body. In other cases, the effectiveness is 25-50%.
What conditions are needed to achieve the best results?
- full diagnostics;
- a combined approach to treatment;
- selection of the optimal treatment regimen.
Therefore, the key to the success of papillomavirus treatment is to seek medical help in time. There are many drugs for papilloma, and a specialist should determine which one is best for a person in each case.